violent rain

imber, bris (abl. imbri, Cic. Att. 7, 20, 1; Verg. E. 7, 60; id. A. 4, 249; Hor. S. 1, 5, 95; Lucr. 1, 715 et saep.;

more freq. imbre,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 62; Cic. de Sen. 10, 34; Liv. 21, 58, 6; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 11; Ov. Am. 3, 6. 68; id. M. 13, 889; cf. Neue, Formenl. 1, 239 sq.), m. [kindr. to Sanscr. abhra, a cloud; cf. Lat. umbra; Gr. ombros], rain, heavy or violent rain, a rain-storm, shower of rain, pelting or pouring rain (cf.: pluvia, nimbus).

Lit. (class.):

imbres fluctusque atque procellae infensae,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 17:

venit imber, lavit parietes,

id. Most. 1, 2, 30:

erat hiems summa, tempestas perfrigida, imber maximus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86:

ita magnos et assiduos imbres habebamus,

id. Att. 13, 16, 1; Lucr. 6, 107:

maximo imbri Capuam veni,

Cic. Att. 7, 20, 1:

in imbri, in frigore,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 87:

iter factum corruptius imbri,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 95; so,

imbre lutoque Aspersus,

id. Ep. 1, 11, 11:

quae opera per imbrem fieri potuerint,

Cato, R. R. 2, 3: lapideus aut sanguineus imber, Civ. Div. 2, 28, 60; cf.:

quid cum saepe lapidum, sanguinis nonnumquam, terrae interdum, quondam etiam lactis imber defluxit?

id. ib. 1, 43, 98:

imbri lapidavit,

Liv. 43, 13:

tamquam lapides effuderit imber,

Juv. 13, 67.—

Prov.

Imbrem in cribrum gerere, i. e. to attempt an impossibility, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 100.—

Tam hoc tibi in proclivi est quam imber est quando pluit, i. e. exceedingly easy, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 86.—

Transf., in gen.

A rain-cloud, stormcloud:

caeruleus supra caput astitit imber,

Verg. A. 3, 194; 5, 10:

grandinis imbres,

hail-storms, Lucr. 6, 107.—

Rain-water:

piscinae cisternaeque servandis imbribus,

Tac. H. 5, 12.—

Water or liquid in gen. ( poet.): cui par imber et ignis, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll. (Ann. v. 511 Vahl.);

so of water as an element: ex igni, terra atque anima procrescere et imbri,

Lucr. 1, 715:

ut ferrum Stridit, ubi in gelidum propere demersimus imbrem,

id. 6, 149:

calidi,

Ov. Am. 2, 15, 23: ratibusque fremebat Imber Neptuni, i. e. the sea, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 299 (Ann. v. 490 Vahl.); so of the sea, Verg. A. 1, 123; Ov. H. 18, 104; Val. Fl. 4, 665:

amicos irriget imbres,

Verg. G. 4, 115:

imbre per indignas usque cadente genas,

a shower of tears, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 18:

sanguineus,

stream of blood, Stat. Th. 1, 437; cf.:

cruentus,

Luc. 6, 224:

nectaris,

Claud. Nupt. Hon. 101.—

Like the Engl. word shower, of things that fall like rain:

ferreus ingruit imber,

Verg. A. 12, 284; cf.:

quo pacto Danaae misisse aiunt quondam in gremium imbrem aureum,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 37.

* * *

bacchor, ātus ( part. pres. gen. plur. bacchantum; v. I. fin. infra), 1, v. dep. [Bacchus].

Lit., to celebrate the festival of Bacchus:

Baccha bacchans,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

saxea ut effigies bacchantis prospicit Evoe,

i. e. which cries Evoe in the orgies, Cat. 64, 61; 64, 255:

cum aliquo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 8.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: bacchan-tes, um, f., Bacchae, the Bacchantes: passis Medea capillis Bacchantum ritu, Ov.M. 7, 258; 3, 703; Curt. 8, 10, 15; gen. Bacchantium, id. 9, 10, 24.—

Pass. (as in later Gr. bakcheuesthai, bakcheuthênai) of the place in which the orgies of Bacchus were celebrated:

virginibus bacchata Lacaenis Taygeta,

Verg. G. 2, 487 Heyn.:

bacchata jugis Naxos,

id. A. 3, 125:

Dindyma sanguineis famulum bacchata lacertis,

Val. Fl. 3, 20: ita obsoletum sono furenter ab omni parti bacchatur nemus, Santra ap. Non. p. 78, 28:

ululatibus Ide bacchatur,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 206.—

Transf., in gen., to revel, rave, rant, like the Bacchœ (of every species of mental excitement, love, hatred, joy, etc.; mostly poet. and in more elevated prose):

quibus gaudiis exsultabis? quantā in voluptate bacchabere?

Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26:

furor in vestrā caede bacchantis,

id. ib. 4, 6, 11; id. Har. Resp. 18, 39:

non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis,

Hor. C. 2, 7, 26; Col. poët. 10, 198; * Suet. Calig. 56; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 213; id. VI. Cons. Hon. 192.—Of murderous fury:

tantā in illos caede bacchati sunt,

Vulg. Judic. 20, 25.—So of poet. inspiration, Stat. S. 1, 2, 258;

and with carmen as object: grande Sophocleo carmen bacchamur hiatu,

Juv. 6, 636; cf.:

furebant Euhoe bacchantes,

raving to the cry of Euhoe, Cat. 64, 255; 64, 61.—Also, to go or run about in a wanton, wild, raving, or furious manner: animans Omne, quod in magnis bacchatur montibu' passim, * Lucr. 5, 822:

saevit inops animi, totamque incensa per urbem Bacchatur,

Verg. A. 4, 301 ( = discursitat, Heyne):

immanis in antro Bacchatur vates,

raves, is inspired, id. ib. 6, 78;

7, 385: infelix virgo totā bacchatur in urbe,

id. Cir. 166.—Hence,

Transf. to inanimate things, to be furious, rage with fury, etc., to be impetuous, etc.

So of a vessel of wine that is filled very often:

ubi bacchabatur aula, casabant cadi,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41 Lorenz ad loc.—

Of winds:

Thracio bacchante magis sub interlunia vento,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 29.—Of violent rain, Val. Fl. 6, 632.—

Of a rumor: concussam bacchatur fama per urbem, spreads rapidly, Verg A. 4, 666.—

Of enthusiastic, raging discourse:

quod eos, quorum altior oratio actioque esset ardentior furere et bacchari arbitraretur,

Cic. Brut. 80, 276:

vitiosum dicendi genus, quod inanibus locis bacchatur, etc.,

Quint. 12, 10, 73.

bacchor, ātus ( part. pres. gen. plur. bacchantum; v. I. fin. infra), 1, v. dep. [Bacchus].

Lit., to celebrate the festival of Bacchus:

Baccha bacchans,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

saxea ut effigies bacchantis prospicit Evoe,

i. e. which cries Evoe in the orgies, Cat. 64, 61; 64, 255:

cum aliquo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 8.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: bacchan-tes, um, f., Bacchae, the Bacchantes: passis Medea capillis Bacchantum ritu, Ov.M. 7, 258; 3, 703; Curt. 8, 10, 15; gen. Bacchantium, id. 9, 10, 24.—

Pass. (as in later Gr. bakcheuesthai, bakcheuthênai) of the place in which the orgies of Bacchus were celebrated:

virginibus bacchata Lacaenis Taygeta,

Verg. G. 2, 487 Heyn.:

bacchata jugis Naxos,

id. A. 3, 125:

Dindyma sanguineis famulum bacchata lacertis,

Val. Fl. 3, 20: ita obsoletum sono furenter ab omni parti bacchatur nemus, Santra ap. Non. p. 78, 28:

ululatibus Ide bacchatur,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 206.—

Transf., in gen., to revel, rave, rant, like the Bacchœ (of every species of mental excitement, love, hatred, joy, etc.; mostly poet. and in more elevated prose):

quibus gaudiis exsultabis? quantā in voluptate bacchabere?

Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26:

furor in vestrā caede bacchantis,

id. ib. 4, 6, 11; id. Har. Resp. 18, 39:

non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis,

Hor. C. 2, 7, 26; Col. poët. 10, 198; * Suet. Calig. 56; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 213; id. VI. Cons. Hon. 192.—Of murderous fury:

tantā in illos caede bacchati sunt,

Vulg. Judic. 20, 25.—So of poet. inspiration, Stat. S. 1, 2, 258;

and with carmen as object: grande Sophocleo carmen bacchamur hiatu,

Juv. 6, 636; cf.:

furebant Euhoe bacchantes,

raving to the cry of Euhoe, Cat. 64, 255; 64, 61.—Also, to go or run about in a wanton, wild, raving, or furious manner: animans Omne, quod in magnis bacchatur montibu' passim, * Lucr. 5, 822:

saevit inops animi, totamque incensa per urbem Bacchatur,

Verg. A. 4, 301 ( = discursitat, Heyne):

immanis in antro Bacchatur vates,

raves, is inspired, id. ib. 6, 78;

7, 385: infelix virgo totā bacchatur in urbe,

id. Cir. 166.—Hence,

Transf. to inanimate things, to be furious, rage with fury, etc., to be impetuous, etc.

So of a vessel of wine that is filled very often:

ubi bacchabatur aula, casabant cadi,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41 Lorenz ad loc.—

Of winds:

Thracio bacchante magis sub interlunia vento,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 29.—Of violent rain, Val. Fl. 6, 632.—

Of a rumor: concussam bacchatur fama per urbem, spreads rapidly, Verg A. 4, 666.—

Of enthusiastic, raging discourse:

quod eos, quorum altior oratio actioque esset ardentior furere et bacchari arbitraretur,

Cic. Brut. 80, 276:

vitiosum dicendi genus, quod inanibus locis bacchatur, etc.,

Quint. 12, 10, 73.

nimbus, i ( gen. plur. nimbūm, Pac. ap. Trag. Rel. 412 Rib.), m. [Sanscr. nabhas, cloud, vapor; Gr. nephos, nephelê; cf.: nubes, nebula], a violent or pouring rain, a rain-storm.

Lit.: terra abit in nimbos imbremque, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 24 Müll.:

nec nubila nimbis aspergunt,

Lucr. 3, 19:

terrere animos fulminibus, tempestatibus, nimbis, nivibus, grandinibus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 14:

denso regem operuit nimbo,

Liv. 1, 16:

cum multo stillaret paenula nimbo,

Juv. 5, 79.—

Transf.

A black rain-cloud, a thunder-cloud: noctisque et nimbūm occaecat nigror, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24, and de Or. 3, 39, 157:

involvere diem nimbi,

Verg. A. 3, 198; so id. ib. 3, 587; Stat. Th. 1, 97.—

A cloud in general. So the bright cloud or cloudshaped splendor which enveloped the gods when they appeared on earth:

proprie nimbus est, qui deorum vel imperantium capita quasi clara nebula ambire fingitur,

Serv. Verg. A. 3, 585:

nimbo succincta,

Verg. A. 10, 634:

nimbo effulgens,

id. ib. 2, 616:

nube candentes umeros amictus Augur Apollo,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 31.—Hence, in eccl. Lat., of a saint's aureole, Isid. 19, 31, 2.—

A cloud of smoke, dust, etc.:

respiciunt atram in nimbo volitare favillam,

Verg. A. 5, 666:

fulvae nimbus harenae,

id. G. 3, 110:

pulveris,

Claud. in Rufin. 2, 176.—

A head-band, frontlet, worn by females to make the forehead appear small, acc. to Isid. Orig. 19, 31 (in Arn. 2, 72, the correct reading is not nimbis, but limbis; v. limbus).—

Like the Engl. cloud, of a multitude of things which spread out like a cloud:

nimbus peditum,

Verg. A. 7, 793:

pilorum,

Sil. 5, 215:

telorum,

Luc. 4, 776:

velut nimbum glandis et sagittas ingerebant,

Liv. 36, 18, 5:

lapidum saxorumque,

Flor. 3, 8, 4:

Corycius,

i. e. of saffron, Mart. 9, 39, 5:

et Cilices nimbis hic maduere suis,

id. Spect. 3, 8:

lucerna nimbis ebria Nicerotianis,

full of perfumed unguents, id. ib. 10, 38, 8: purpureus, a great quantity of flowers, Claud. Nupt. Honor. et Mar. 298.—

A vessel with many holes in it, used at public shows and at entertainments for sprinkling liquid perfumes:

nimbus vitreus,

Mart. 14, 112 in lemm. —

Trop., a storm, tempest, i. e. sudden misfortune:

hunc quidem nimbum cito transisse laetor,

Cic. Att. 15, 9, 2.